Black Death Essay Research Paper The Black free essay sample

Black Death Essay, Research Paper ? The Black Death serves as a major turning point in the history of European civilisation. ? The reaching of both the bubonic and pneumonic pestilences threw Europe as a whole into an economic, societal, and political tailspin. Europe was already on its corporate manner down economically due to worsening countries of cultivation and the effects of drawn-out warfare when, in 1347, the Black Death set upon the Europeans. For the following 100 old ages, Europeans would hold to accommodate to an highly different and hard life style. The Plague cut through Europe like a elephantine scythe. Toulouse and the rural countries environing Pistoia lost close to two-thirds of their several populations. Citizens began to seek isolation from each other, seeking urgently to avoid infection. Cities were abandoned by their populations who were flying to the countryside. Farmers and other rural dwellers were forced to travel because of the huge Numberss of people traveling off from their metropoliss and towns. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Death Essay Research Paper The Black or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With many dead and others non coming to work, harvests were non harvested and mills and workss were slowed. Therefore monetary values for mundane points skyrocketed. The Black Death badly accelerated and intensified Europe? s depression. The Plague besides contributed to many of the citizen rebellions. Common people began to see that the rich and those in power were non exempt from the regulations of the Black Death. The Plague could and did assail the pontificate. When the common citizens realized the high category a nd the swayers were deceasing and enduring merely as they were, common mans started rebellions. Laic people all over Europe saw that the rich were non much different from them as they were told to believe. The church was besides attacked due to the Black Death. In Rome, the Catholic Pope decided to travel to Avignon because of the convulsion in Central Italy. Many different cabals and subcultures developed. Extremist spiritual leaders urged people to travel their ain manner or seek isolation because adult male is good in nature whereas the church had ever preached adult male is born into wickedness. Eckhart, Wyclif, and Hus all preached and taught beliefs that were non church sanctioned. Politically Europe was in shambles. States fought each other while their citizens fought themselves. France and England were engaged in the Hundred Years? War that was a series of conflicts that went on from 1337-1453. Germany was in a province of lawlessness from 1350 to 1450. The many independent princes of Germany continually fought against each other. England was hit hard at place every bit good. Of the nine male monarchs that came to power between 1307 and 1485, five died at the custodies of plotters or due to rebellions. Besides, England? s unqualified authorities helped fan the fires of the War or the Roses between House of Lancaster and the House of York. The Black Plague played a polar regulation in determining Europe into its present twenty-four hours province. The Black Death was a reverse but it besides served as a reminder and experience needed to demo human thrust and will to populate by our ain agencies.

Free Essays on Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade. The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days. In order to "catch up" with the solar calendar the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years (seven years out of a 19-yearcycle). This is the same as adding an extra day on leap year. This is why, according to the solar calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on a different date each year. New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are celebrated as a family affair, a time of reunion and thanksgiving. The celebration was traditionally highlighted with a religious ceremony given in honor of Heaven and Earth, the gods of the household and the family ancestors. The sacrifice to the ancestors, the most vital of all the rituals, united the living members with those who had passed away. Departed relatives are remembered with great respect because they were responsible for laying the foundations for the fortune and glory of the family. The presence of the ancestors is acknowledged on New Year's Eve with a dinner arranged for them at the family banquet table. The spirits of the ancestors, together with the living, celebrate the onset of the New Year as one great community. The communal feast called "surrounding the stove" or weilu. It symbolizes family unity and honors the past and present generations.... Free Essays on Chinese New Year Free Essays on Chinese New Year Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade. The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days. In order to "catch up" with the solar calendar the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years (seven years out of a 19-yearcycle). This is the same as adding an extra day on leap year. This is why, according to the solar calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on a different date each year. New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are celebrated as a family affair, a time of reunion and thanksgiving. The celebration was traditionally highlighted with a religious ceremony given in honor of Heaven and Earth, the gods of the household and the family ancestors. The sacrifice to the ancestors, the most vital of all the rituals, united the living members with those who had passed away. Departed relatives are remembered with great respect because they were responsible for laying the foundations for the fortune and glory of the family. The presence of the ancestors is acknowledged on New Year's Eve with a dinner arranged for them at the family banquet table. The spirits of the ancestors, together with the living, celebrate the onset of the New Year as one great community. The communal feast called "surrounding the stove" or weilu. It symbolizes family unity and honors the past and present generations....

Freedom of speech and censorship Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Freedom of speech and censorship - Research Paper Example gislature, prompting a lawsuit by the Washington-based Americans United for Separation of Church and State on behalf of Unitarian, Jewish and Christian clergy and the Hindu American Foundation† (Are, 2009) Currently, in the US, the operating system is a free press. This principle is very time-honored and is part of the Constitution of the United States. If a person does not make foundationally libelous or slanderous claims in his or her existing reportage, they have the freedom to express and say what they want. The questioning of foundational issues of freedom of speech under the Constitution is a serious matter. Civil claims can restore some of what the citizen loses to undue censorship which affects them adversely, limiting their freedoms. In the court case of Ohio school newspaper workers suing for a free press, issues of the First Amendment can be seen. One article sets a tone of judicial review and proposes that paying attention to the case presented will aid school administrators in easing tensions about freedom of speech in student newspapers. These administrators, on the one hand, are likely to be overseeing schools with civics and social studies classes that stress the importance of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights (Norton, 2005). But on the other hand, they must look out for the whole of the school community and make sure that no one is using the school newspaper to violate the rights of their fellow students by being libelous, slanderous, or presenting explicit or offensive material to the individuals. In this case, a line between these duties has to be drawn somewhere—on the one hand, a paper that is highly censored and does not let students speak out freely in a reasonable way is not teaching them a very good lesson about the First Amendment; on the other hand, a newspaper that plays it fast and loose with censorship may wind up permitting one student to slander or do harm to the name of another, and face possible legal

Employment relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Employment relation - Essay Example Accordingly he found that in US, employment relations is seen as the means through which the workers get rights and benefits which are related to their work and in turn linked to labour laws and social security. The state plays a very important role in employment relations. They either directly or indirectly influence the employment relations in a nation. Directly in a manner by passing different legislation and regulations designed specifically for the benefits of employment relations and indirectly by providing an environment where there are boundaries which are to be observed and taken into consideration when shaping out the relations between employers and employees. The main objectives of the state in employment relations as achieved through the various roles the state act as. These roles are as a legislator, as a peacemaker, as an employer, as an economic manager and last but not the least its ideological role. Over time the importance of these roles varies in employment relations. The main objectives of the state in employment relations are complex at times. As the state is responsible for maintaining stability, to administer the income policies, in time of low employment and acquisition for skills the state needs to be more careful. The state is responsible for maintaining the parity of bargaining power between the employers and the employees/trade unions. The State has the right to make and enforce rules and legislations. One of the most important responsibilities of state is to provide a legal framework and formulate the boundaries and make sure all the labour management relations are conducted within the framework. The State has the right to set the policy guidelines and promotes specific actions and take initiatives that are linked to employees, trade unions or the employers by empowering them, giving them power of social

Week_T_Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week_T_Questions - Assignment Example would be better if you do not get involved in discussions where you put yourself in a position where you are left alone as opposed to a general public opinion, which exists at that point of time. In my opinion, the most important thing is to stop thinking in the ‘all or none’ thinking pattern. What most of us do is that we tend to consider things in black and white terms and this is why we usually end up at one extreme with dissatisfaction of self, along with the disapproval of others for our points of view. Similar is the way of our thinking when it comes to terrorism, whether domestic or global. For instance, Muslims are always irritated about how the whole world blames them for every terrorist activity and take out their aggressions whenever and however possible. Due to this, they hardly get time to calm themselves down and think about the reasons that brought them in this position and what they can do to take themselves out of this targeted position. Subaihi, T. (N.A). Whats in a beard? False stereotypes in a post-9/11 age. The National. Retrieved February 26, 2013 from

Reviewing The Prison Management System Information Technology Essay

Reviewing The Prison Management System Information Technology Essay ICT in prisons was initiated in the year 2002 at Delhi Prisons, Tihar. The Tihar Prisons Complex in New Delhi is the biggest prison complex in Asia comprising of 9 prisons and one District Jail at Rohini with a total strength of more than 11,000 prisoners against a normal sanctioned capacity of 6250 prisoners. In a year, about 70,000 80,000 inmates remain lodged in these prisons for different duration and crimes committed by them. This prison population has about 80% under trials and includes about 480 women inmates. About 400 inmates are foreigners from different parts of the world. Many high security criminals also live here. There has been a substantial increase in number of prison inmates coming to Tihar because of a phenomenal increase in the crime scene at Delhi that has resulted in the increase of the ICT needs and its management at the Tihar Jail Complex. Nearly 1700-1800 visitors meet their relative inmates every day. There was manual system of booking mulaqats (meetings) in each jail for its respective inmates. Centralised visitor record was not available. There was lack of exchange of visitors information within jails and prison headquarters. There was no provision for identification / detection / verification of visitors. Keeping a tab on the movement of visitors / nefarious elements was difficult. There was no control either on multiple meetings with an inmate in a day / week or on number of visitors permissible to meet with each inmate. It was difficult for the jail administration to keep a record of those prisoners whose meetings were stopped by the courts by way of punishment. There was limi ted and unstructured recording of demographic details about the visitors. Managing the prisoner record and monitoring of prisoner / visitor was always difficult since most of the records were normally maintained manually (so the concerned authorities were required to go through all the registers to find out the details and status of the inmate as well as of the visitor). In order to cope up with the increasing number of prisoners being lodged in, the Tihar Administration required a re-engineering and rationalisation of their key business processes and functions of prisoners related information and their computerisation in order to speed up the processing of information. As the technology evolution took place, there arose a need for centralisation of prisoners data to facilitate information exchange and data sharing as well. This re-engineering would be aimed at reducing administrative overheads, speed up responsiveness to users, reduce risks involved in inmates custody, eliminate obsolete processes and reap cost-cutting benefits. 1) Based on your previous internship experience(s), identify any one business process which you have working knowledge of. Prison Management System (PMS) is a G-2-G and G-2-C e-governance application, which encapsulates the manual working-pattern of the prison rule book i.e. registration, movement within the jail and outside and release of the inmate. It captures the inmates photograph and stores the same in the database after reducing it to less than 2.5 KB size. This is directly stored in the central database such that duplicate entry of the prisoner can be identified in a global manner, which helps in tracing out the frequent flyers to the jail. It helps to generate more than 65 reports of administrative, performance and statistical nature. It helps in dealing with over populous prison that is housing inmates, which are more than 3 times of the sanctioned capacity. It facilitates in monitoring the inmate movement (both inside / outside the correction home). It also facilitates, regulates and simplifies the processes of meeting between the visitors who are coming to visit their relations and friends lodged in the correctional home. It is helping the prison authorities in identification / verification of the inmates using fingerprint based identification tools. Video conferencing is also held within the jail complex with courts and inmates are presented before the Honourable Justice. Using both digital and analog cameras, security is enhanced and a central video wall has also been installed. Around 250 300 cameras pan, tilt and zoom round the clock and feed signals at a central location using the integrated network, over which voice, video and data move freely and continuously. 2) Using the Funnel model diagram, briefly explain how this business process fits into the larger scheme of things for the organization. Funnel Model Diagram -Global Environment There has been a substantial increase in number of prison inmates coming to Tihar because of a phenomenal increase in the crime scene at Delhi that has resulted in the increase of the ICT needs and its management at the Tihar Jail Complex. It has been observed that these inmates tend to revert back to their old habits once they are released after the completion of their term. This can be attributed to several reasons ranging from mistreatment in the correction facility to their inability to obtain employment due to past record. Thus the government and the jail authorities have committed themselves to providing a safe as well as secure detention. They also aim to provide reformation and rehabilitation in a manner which results in welfare opportunities for all inmates. In the long term this should result in a reduction in the number of criminals created due to external environment and society. -Corporate Strategies In the last few years, the prison population has steadily grown, adding tremendous pressure to the overall capacity, basic standard of living and treatment to the prisoners remanded. Effective 24/7 security and vigilance by 1300 jail staff was a key area of concern. The jail management decided that an efficient video surveillance system was required to track, monitor and record movements in critical locations. Management of prisoner records and monitoring of prisoner / visitor has always been difficult in Indian jails since most of the records were normally maintained manually, so the concerned authorities were required to go through all the registers to find out the details and status of the inmate as well as of the visitor. In order to cope up with the increasing number of prisoners being lodged in, the Tihar Administration required a re-engineering and rationalisation of their key business processes and functions of prisoners related information and their computerisation in order to speed up the processing of information need of courts and various other national agencies. -Organizational Structure The Tihar correction facility has a clear set of standard operating procedures. The practical benefit of this model is that the correctional system is not overly dependent upon one or two people. It can easily promote or substitute personnel. The jail dominantly follows a bureaucratic model. This model revolves around a strict hierarchical system but it isnt focussed on one dominant personality. Organizational control flows through the hierarchy with a strict chain of command and a formal process of communication. Rules and regulations are written and specific. Additionally, the policy parameters stressed in this organizational structure are clear for all parties, and staff can be held accountable if they do not comply with written norms. On the negative side, for a difficult environment such as the Tihar jail, written norms do not guarantee consistent enforcement. Such norms are not helpful in every situation. Bureaucratic processes (currently) are slow to respond to change and do not encourage staff to demonstrate new initiative at any level of the organization. -Management and Business processes -Technological Platform 3) Explain in detail the working of this business process and what your role in it was. NIC took up this task of automating and streamlining the process of prisoner / visitor movement at Tihar Prisons. Following are the accomplishment in this area of prison management: Establishment of LAN: Establishment of LAN connecting all prisons situated in a big wide spread complex using 5,500 meters of Optical Fiber Cable (12 and 6 core) operated with one Layer 3 switch supported by 16 Layer 2 switches in the entire jail complex. The network has 185 IOs and can be expanded to 300 nodes without any additions / modifications / disruptions to the existing infrastructure. Surveys were got conducted and laying of OFC was found to be the best suitable option; Development and Implementation of PMS: Prison Management System (PMS) comprises of 12 primary functional modules. More than 65 reports of various types have been developed under Client / Server architecture. It has been developed, tested and implemented. This PMS has the following major features: Based on Client-Server Architecture and supports latest GUI features; Centralised Database for supporting powerful fast retrieval of data; Monitors physical location of inmate, their movements within and outside the jail complex, punishments, medical history of the inmate at the time of his / her arrival at the jail, cases filed against him, court hearings among other attributes; Supports more than 65 reports as per the present needs of the various monitoring agencies like National Human Rights Commission, National Crime Records Bureau and Tihar Jail itself. Biometric Tools: The PMS has been integrated with biometrics tools, which stores inmates biometric details at the time of entry and shall be used to authenticate at the time of their movement. The biometric based verification and authentication system is installed in all 9 jails of Tihar Prisons Complex and at District Jail, Rohini, New Delhi with facility to store prisoner photograph. Tihar Prisons was the first prison in India to use this technology for prisoners identification and verification along with the photograph; Photo pass for visitors: Visitor Management System [VMS] is implemented at Central Public Relation Office situated at Gate # 3 and at Gate # 4 of the Tihar Prisons. All visitors coming to Jail to meet their relative prisoners are first being photographed and then they are issued photo pass. Details of the visitors are being kept in the database and this information is shared with police for the investigation purpose. The meeting slip is generated within 45 seconds. The booking is using the concept of call centre. ISO Certification has been obtained for this process; Videoconferencing: The use of videoconferencing facility in prisons has drastically reduced expenditure incurred as compared to physically producing the jail inmates in the courts. Physical production of an inmate requires transportation, escort by armed police personnel, prevention of fights between inmates and nearly 6 hours of time wasted by each inmate. Fear of custody break is always there during the physical production. There are incidents when prisoners have fled after breaking lockups in the courtroom or from the custody of armed security personnel escorting them to court or by armed attack on the police vans by daredevils. Cameras: Using analog and digital cameras, security has been enhanced in the Tihar Prison complex. Cameras have been installed at strategic locations within wards. Each and every inmate can be watched from a video wall and surveillance brief is also sent to DG (Prisons) in real time. These video graphed shots are produced in case of any disputes. Implementation Processes Local Area Network (LAN): It was necessary to establish network in each prison and all prisons are connected over on LAN to capture and share prisoner information. This LAN is using 5,500 meters of Optical Fiber Cable (12 and 6 core) operated with one Layer 3 switches supported by 16 Layer 2 switches in the entire jail complex and having 145 IOs. The network is such that it can be expanded in future without any addition to the existing infrastructure and can support Closed Circuit Television [CCTV] System. Prison Management System (PMS): The application software Prison Management System (PMS), prison inmate information handling system, aims to facilitate modular but tightly integrated software solution for administering and managing the data related to inmates with their case details and other related activities of the inmates along with their photographs and also facilitate dissemination of information over the LAN to all the concerned officials of the correction homes. Visitor Management System (VMS): It aims to manage meetings of the inmates with their relatives and brings transparency in the Mulaqat (Meeting). It facilitates visitors to register their appointments / meetings with the inmates on telephone or in person at Central Public Relation Office of the Prison. Videoconferencing: The use of videoconferencing facility in prisons is for the purpose of remand extension and trial of prisoners (eTrial) in various courts of the country. The Delhi Government for speedy trial has changed the laws. This shall rule out any escape of prisoner from police custody while movement from Prisons to Courts for Court trials and after the trial when they return back to prisons. This shall minimise the manpower of security personnel, transportation cost and production time. VC sessions can be conducted between jail-2-jail, between jail-2-court within city and jail-2-court outside city for many important inmates like Pappu Yadav, who also happened to be MP. Use of Modern Security Gadgets: The use of modern security gadgets like Closed Circuit Television [CCTV] cameras and Biometric based Fingerprint Identification / Authentication / Verification System shall enhance the security of the Prisons and shall help prison administration in the effective management of Prisons / Prisoners. This has also been implemented at Tihar Jail. Tihar is the 1st jail in India where 258 cameras have been installed to provide digital surveillance. Training Training is a key part of any successful project. It should be tailored to the needs identified through the assessment of the work requirement, existing skills, knowledge and capacity of the employees. Training must be held for all levels and this training must be held separately for each level. The superintendent is the head of prison who is assisted by deputy and assistant superintendents. Warders and matrons are the lowest functionaries in the jail administrative setup. Primarily they have to maintain the day-to-day administration of inmates inside the jail, to know the number of prisoners in their charge; to count them frequently during their turn of duty and to satisfy themselves that they have all inmates in their custody. They have to report about any plots for the purpose of escaping or of assault or outbreak or any plan to obtain forbidden articles in the jail complex. Smoking is not allowed in the complex. Warders / matrons working in processes have been identified and provided with additional training developed for their specific functions. They possess good academic qualification, more disciplined and have keen interest to work on computers. Although the basic qualification for the post of warden / matron is only matriculation but a number of staff is having much higher qualification and this increase their interest in learning to use modern gadgets. One more important aspect was behind the training of warders / matrons is that they are from uniformed force and primary their responsibility being the safety and security of the prisons where more than 11000 criminals including hardcore criminals are lodged and we have to work within the security parameters. Monetary incentives were also given to them. Good work done by them was recorded in their annual confidential reports such that they get benefit in future. The Data Entry Operators were hired from private operators and they were provided training on the visitor module of the system. They are on contract and deployed outside the prison for visitor management. They were thoroughly sensitised before hiring for the job, so that they cannot try to connive with the prisoners relatives in any unlawful activity. 4) Draw a Business Process Modelling Diagram (BPMD) describing its working. BPMD (As-Is): BPMD (To-Be): Sample screenshot of the PMS software: 5) Identify any inefficiency (ies) in this business process and provide suitable justification for the same. General Issues / Inefficiencies in business process During the development of application software the requirements were not clear as the user was not supportive in sharing the information and subsequently could not be frozen. To overcome this problem, prototype of each module was first developed and then shown to the user department to get their suggestions / inputs. This regular interaction with the user helps in freezing out their requirements. There was no standard set for fingerprints scanning and matching which leads to non-interoperability of matching fingerprints. Many vendors provided fingerprint-matching solution, which was proprietary. There is no interoperability and standards in matching of fingerprints. The fingerprint solution integrated in the application software was taken after considering the solution to be used for whom, ruggedness of the scanner, omni directional scanning feature, live finger scanning and complete user satisfaction. Storage of photograph consumes lots of memory space. Reducing the resolution of the image and converting .bmp image to .jpeg image handled this issue. This process reduced image of size of 60k to less than 3k. Define the To-be state using certain metrics and (or) benchmarks. Metrics (Primes) along which To-be state was designed: For example, 7) Conclusions It has now become essential to embrace the new technologies in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for the development / modernisation / advancement of prisons. Internetworking of all the jails across the India for sharing of information related to prison inmates who had been lodged in various jails of the country should improve the law and order within the state. Tihar Prisons has been pioneer in this area and they have shown it through their IT setup, a role model for other states and even other countries. It is likely that this may be replicated in the SAARC Region.

Defining a Hero Essay -- Mythology

To the world today, a hero is someone distinguished by exceptional courage, nobility, or strength; but really, anyone can be a hero. A hero can vary from someone as well-known as George Washington to someone as unheard of as anyone’s very own mother. Someone who has done a good deed for someone else is hero. The biggest heroes are the ones in well-known books and plays, such as Odysseus from The Odyssey, or have made a huge difference in the history of this world, like Mahatma Gandhi. Siddhartha Gautama is a hero, but not in the same way Odysseus or Gandhi are. Although these three influential people went through different journeys in order to accomplish different things, they are all heroes in their own way and have been through the same cycle of the road of trials and crisis/salvation. The word â€Å"hero† has several definitions. In Greek mythology, a hero was originally a demigod. A hero can be the principle character in a play, movie, novel, or poem. A hero can even simply mean someone who is discerned by outstanding courage, dignity, or power. Even though there a many different types of heroes, they have all been through a journey with many obstacles that they had to overcome. The journey of a hero is one huge cycle, starting at the home of the hero and ending at the same place, the home. There are two very important stages of journey cycle—the road of trials and crisis/salvation. The road of trials stage is basically the obstacles the potential hero had to overcome. The crisis/salvation stage is the disaster that occurred and how the hero was saved from it. Odysseus faced many obstacles, and there were many crises that he underwent. The journey of Odysseus was mythological. He left his homeland of Ithaca to go fight in the Tro... ...without giving up in order to achieve their goals. And that is what you call a hero. Works Cited "Gandhi, Mohandas K. (1869-1948)." King Institute Home.Stanford University.Web. 23 Feb. 2011. . Boeree, C. G. "Siddhartha Gautama."My Webspace Files. 1999. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. . Homer, and Frederic Will. The Odyssey. New York: Pocket, 2005. Print. Hooker, Richard. "Siddhartha Gautama." Washington State University - Pullman, Washington. 1996. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. . Potpourri, Kamat. "Gandhi: A Biography." Kamat's Potpourri -- The History, Mystery, and Diversity of India. 4 Jan. 2011. Web. 23 Feb. 2011. .

American Horror Story: the Affects of Sex and Violence in Media

Media Analysis: American Horror Story American Horror Story is an FX horror-drama television show, as well as an anthology series; each season of the show has a different cast and storyline. The show was created by Ryan Murphy (creator of the FOX show Glee) and Brad Falchuk (producer of Nip/Tuck), and premiered on October 5, 2011. The first season of the show follows the Harmon family as they settle into their new home in Los Angeles. They are unaware, however, that the mansion is haunted by its many former owners. The two main topics in which we covered in class that are utilized in the show are frightening and sexual content in media.The focus of the first season is on infidelity and temptation. Ben and Vivien Harmon moved to Los Angeles from Boston with their daughter Violet in an attempt to start over and save their fragile marriage, after Ben had an affair with one of his students. Although they think the move will help, it only worsens their situation. The cable series is full of as much violence and sexual content as the writers and producers can get away with. With multiple instances of violence, sex, and nudity in every episode, the show draws a very large audience.American Horror Story is FX’s most viewed series, with the pilot of the first season bringing in 3. 2 million viewers. The show gained viewers as it progressed, and the premiere of the second season had 3. 85 million viewers. In an interview by AfterElton. com contributor Brian Juergens, when asked about what he wanted to bring to the horror genre, producer Brad Falchuk said â€Å"In the case of the horror genre, your main goal is to scare people. You want people to be a little bit off balance afterwards. You want people to have their friends sleep over that night.And you want to deliver iconic images that stay with people. † The writers of American Horror Story make use of many of the subjects from chapter 13 of our textbook. There are many realistic scenarios that occur in th e series, such as a home invasion and multiple murders. This is an example of stimulus generalization. Because many of the scenes are highly realistic, the generalization stimulus is very high, which consequently increases the fearful or emotional response. American Horror Story is rated TV-MA, which means that it is intended for mature audiences, and not children (usually age 17 or older).It also has a sub rating of LSV (offensive language, strong sexual content, and violence and gore). R-rated videos and magazines contain far more profane and explicit sexual content than network television shows, but sexual remarks and suggestions are becoming ever more frequent in public media today. In American Horror Story there are elements of the four major themes of sexuality in media. Sexual scenes in the show include examples of domination (sexual control of a person), exploitation (coercion of one person by way of power or status), reciprocity (consensual sex), and autoeroticism (self-sti mulation, such as masturbation).In the pilot of the first season Ben walks in on the housekeeper, Moira, masturbating. She tries to get him to sleep with her but he goes to another room and masturbates as well. Yet another storyline consists of Ben’s former student, Hayden, in which he had an affair with, who shows up and tries to convince him to stay with her. These scenes, along with many others throughout the season, go back to the theme of infidelity and temptation. The trailer for the first season of American Horror Story gives the basic plot of the show. It also makes use of frightening music and sounds to get the attention of fans of the horror genre.The season two trailer also highlights each character’s traits and occupations briefly (Leo’s photography, Shelley’s sensuality, Lana Winters’ love for her partner, Wendy, etc. ). These short advertisements appeal to viewers by the use of catharsis. The audience of American Horror Story wants to be scared. It’s a way for them to escape, or animate, their own violent predispositions or inclinations; to purge themselves of their personal worries and apprehensions. Personally speaking, I find the sadistic and erotic nature of the show enjoyable.It allows me and other viewers to gain vicious pleasure by identifying with the immoral and shady personalities of the characters in the show. The intent of the show can be pretty well summed up by the theories of scholar and professor, Dolf Zillmann, in Fundamentals of Media Effects (Bryant and Thompson): â€Å"Zillmann (1991a, 1991b) described horror as frightening because it releases empathetic responses toward victims and makes viewers apprehensive about becoming victims themselves. In other words, viewers identify with the victims and experience their terror vicariously.Horror also frightens viewers because of their apprehensions; they fear being victims themselves. Finally, horror usually features a satisfying ending that viewers enjoy. † American Horror Story has had its share of controversy with viewers already. Erin Brown, contributor for the Culture and Media Institute at the Media Research Center, writes: â€Å"The premiere of â€Å"American Horror Story† wasn't just sexually and physically repulsive. Flashback scenes also featured a large dose of verbal and mental cruelty toward a Down syndrome girl – including her mother, played by Jessica Lange, wishing she'd aborted her.To add to the violence, sex and abuse, there were 13 versions of the word â€Å"s**t,† and such delightful terms as â€Å"p***y† and â€Å"c**ksucker. † With all this objectionable content, Entertainment Weekly still named American Horror Story one of its â€Å"Top Ten Things We Love this Week† putting it on their famous â€Å"Must List† in the October 7 issue. â€Å"This show has a potential to literally be shattering to all of the things that we consider to be normal ,† one of the actors said during production. † Many parental reviews of the show describe it as disturbing, terrifying, and even repulsive.The three main age groups discussed in the Reactions to Disturbing or Frightening Media Content chapter of Fundamentals of Media Effects, 3-8, 9-12, and 12-17, are all thought to be too young for most parents. Some critics also consider American Horror Story to be a strained and overexcited mess. Though there are many frightening elements to the show, most of them are written off as cliche. The fact that in society today we are so used to seeing violence and sexual content in media, these happenings in the show are not as disconcerting as they would have been in the decades prior to the twenty-first century.

Civil Rights Movements

Who Is It? Throughout the Civil Rights Movement, Martin Luther King Jr. played a crucial role in organizing many nonviolent events such as the March on Washington and Selma to Montgomery March. These events eventually influenced the Congress to pass both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. also led to dramatic impacts on later laws. Martin Luther King Jr. s the main reason why the 1960s US Civil Rights Movement succeeded, as he fought against de jure segregation and led to the changing of laws; however, this is justified only to a great extent, for he contributed little to social activism. Martin Luther King Jr. successfully influenced many government reforms through the act of nonviolence during the Civil Rights Movement.He was elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, a nonprofit organization aiming to redeem â€Å"the soul of America† through nonviolent resistance. In 19 63, Martin Luther King Jr. ed a nonviolent campaign aimed at Birmingham, Alabama, which was known as the one of the most segregated city in the United States during that time. During this campaign, Martin Luther King Jr. advocated nonviolence in â€Å"Letter From a Birmingham Jail†. Later on, the SCLC decided to use young children in demonstrations. However, more than 1,000 children were attacked by police troops. The images of children being assaulted by dogs and water hoses were captured by photographers, which led to a â€Å"national outrage resulting in a push for unprecedented civil rights legislation†.This event drew attention to segregations in the South, and promoted sympathy for civil rights protestors across the nation. Over the next few years, Martin Luther King Jr. organized the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in and the Selma to Montgomery March. During the March on Washington, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered the famous â€Å"I Have A Dream† speech. This march was a success-   the speech cemented Martin Luther King's â€Å"status as a social change leader†, helped inspire people to act on civil rights, and publicized the US Civil Rights Movement across the world.This event also led to the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, an act that banned all forms of discrimination. The next year, Martin Luther King Jr. organized the Selma to Montgomery March to fight against African American disenfranchisement. Following the march, the Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that got rid of the remaining obstacles to voting for African-Americans. By organizing nonviolent marches and campaigns, Martin Luther King Jr. was successful in motivating the passing of important laws that improved problems caused by segregation.The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the major reasons that led to the Civil Rights Act of 1968. Before the act was passed, white people used segregate against minority groups by forming restrictive covenants and practicing gerrymandering. After Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4th, 1968, riots erupted over the nation. President Lyndon B. Johnson called on the Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1968, hoping to stop the riots and pacify angry protesters. This act banned all forms of discrimination in housing sales and rentals. Martin Luther King Jr. as able to influence several acts passed by Congress even after he died, which proves that he is a major reason why the US Civil Rights Movement was successful. Despite Martin Luther King's efforts to fight against de jure segregation, he contributed little to ending de facto segregation. Malcolm X, an African American who also played a key role during the Civil Rights Movement, had different a different way to fight against segregation. He promoted active resistance and violence. As James Cone, the author of Martin & Malcolm & America says, â€Å"Before Malcolm came along, we were all N egroes. After Malcolm, he helped us become black†.Malcolm X taught African Americans to be proud of their heritage, and changed how black people thought about themselves. Several of his followers gathered together and formed the Black Panther Party, and organization that had the same objectives as Martin Luther King Jr, but were willing to use violence to solve the problem. By promoting black power and increasing black voter registrations and Afrocentrism, Malcolm X was able to build confidence in blacks and encourage them to take pride in their African heritage, which shows that he contributed to the success of the US Civil Rights Movement as well.Overall, Martin Luther King Jr. was a major reason for the success of the US Civil Rights Movement. He organized campaigns and marches that inspired people to take action, and influenced the Congress to pass important acts. His death led to the Civil Rights Act of 1968 as well. However, he wasn't the only one who made all of this po ssible. Malcolm X and encourage blacks to be proud of their African heritage, and increased black voter registrations. Thus, Martin Luther King Jr. is the main reason why the 1960s US Civil Rights Movement succeeded, yet this is justified only to a great extent.

Eating Disorders Anorexia, Bulimia and Compulsive Overeating

Eating Disorders Anorexia, Bulimia and Compulsive Overeating Introduction An eating disorder is a condition in which an individual develops abnormal eating habits. An affected person experiences extreme reduction or increase in food intake. Another major experience is the great anxiety about one’s body mass and/or shape. Eating disorders may develop when a person simply starts eating smaller or larger amounts of food than the normal intake. With time, the person develops a strong urge to eat more or less food which eventually becomes uncontrollable.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Eating Disorders: Anorexia, Bulimia and Compulsive Overeating specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Eating disorders occur more during teenage years or early maturity though it can as well develop during childhood or late maturity. The most affected are women and girls since they are much more concerned about their body appearance than men and boys. This concern makes them change their eat ing behavior from time to time to those that will suit their desired body appearances. Though treatable medically, eating disorders are complex with biological and psychological causes. In most cases they co-exist with other disorders such as anxiety, despair or drug abuse (Nagle 84). People suffering from eating disorders are more likely to suffer from complicated diseases such as heart or kidney failure which could be fatal. Anorexia Anorexia is a both eating and psychological disorder that is initiated as a person begins to diet in order to lose weight. The desire to become thinner drives the individual to continue with the restrictive eating which is most often accompanied by other behaviors that would enhance weight loss. Too much exercising and overuse of drugs are the most used ways of losing weight. Individuals may even go to the point of starving themselves just to feel the power of control over their bodies. Anorexia is characterized by low levels of body fats which lead t o alteration of body shape. Both girls and women may experience loss of their menstrual periods due to the drastic change in diet and/or amount of food taken. Affected individuals also have a strong fear to put on weight and this makes them have an uneasy eating habit. People with anorexia seem to pay more attention to food and weight control and they usually weigh themselves more often than those who are not. Though anorexia has no definite causes, genetic composition may determine the vulnerability of a person to develop this disorder. Another possible contribution is a dysfunction of the hypothalamus in one’s brain. Other factors that are risky to anorexia development are poor feeding habits and general under eating as infants as well as maternal depression. Individual negativity and the desire to be perfect can result to the development of anorexia (Poppink 1). A person with anorexia disorder may be treated as an outpatient or may be hospitalized in case of organ dysfunct ion resulting from severe weight loss. In such cases the treatment should begin in correcting the malnutrition and this should include feeding the patient by tubes that go through the mouth. Increased eating schedules and social activities accompanied by a decrease in physical exercise can contribute largely to weight gain.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The treatment of anorexia may require more focus on psychological and medical attention than on weight gain. It is therefore necessary to get medical provision and diet advice. Psychological therapy is also very important either as an individual or as a group or family. Weight management by a nutritionist is recommended as a healthy alternative to weight loss. Any suitable treatment should deal with self control and most importantly, self esteem to help the individual to accept how he/she is in order to live a healthy life both emotionally and physically. Bulimia Bulimia is an eating disorder that is different from anorexia in that a person develops frequent â€Å"eating habits and at large amounts than usual† (Derenne 27). The person also feels that he/she lacks the power to control the over eating. Surprisingly, this over eating is accompanied by certain behaviors for compensation, such as exercising excessively, induced vomiting and fasting. Just like anorexia, people with bulimia have a constant fear to gain weight and are so desperate to lose it. Because of this, they are very much unhappy about their body form and size. Bulimia disorder is often accompanied by mental illnesses such as anxiety, depression or abuse of drugs. There are physical complications that result from the frequent vomits in people with bulimia, including gastrointestinal problems and oral-related problems. In some cases, bulimia development is related to gene composition hence can be inherited. Another very important factor determining the development of bulimia is culture (Jennifer 2). For example, in the modern society, there is the pressure to become thin and this can influence people greatly especially those that want to be accepted in a certain society. Bulimia has some long time complications occurring as a result of the habits that an individual develops in order to compensate eating. They include chronic inflammation of the throat and swelling of neck and jaw glands as a result of frequent vomiting. Wearing out of tooth enamel and teeth decay may also occur due to contact with stomach acids during vomiting. Another severe effect of vomiting in people with bulimia is dehydration due to clearing of fluids (Dryden 1). The treatment for bulimia depends on an individual and requires a combination of therapies which include nutritional advice, psychological counseling to establish healthy eating habits as well as medical treatment especially in patients who have developed serio us health complications.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Eating Disorders: Anorexia, Bulimia and Compulsive Overeating specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Antidepressants are recommended to help bulimia patients who have been depressed and/or anxious. Treatment of bulimia in many people is done in steps and should therefore be started early enough to increase the chances of the patient to recover. Compulsive overeating Compulsive overeating is an eating disorder where a person becomes literally addicted to food and uses food as a tool to control his/her emotions. Whenever they have problems or are stressed, people with compulsive overeating turn to food to console and control themselves. They use food to make them feel safe and in some kind of control. Unlike bulimia, people suffering from compulsive overeating do not try to get rid of the extra food they eat. They end up eating large amounts of food repeatedl y without purging and with time they gain a lot of weight and become obese. They feel shame for being overweight with general lack of self-esteem and this causes them to turn to food in order to deal with such emotions. They end up repeating this cycle over and over again. Unlike anorexia, compulsive overeating is common in both men and women. The psychological problems that may result to food addiction include misery and pressure, tiredness due to overworking, anxiety and sadness. These problems make people develop behaviors such as eating even when they are not hungry, hiding themselves when they are eating, eating faster than usual, inability to stop eating no matter how full they are, embarrassment over eating in the presence of other people. Some may even go to the extreme of eating uncooked food. Just like any other eating disorder, â€Å"compulsive overeating may cause other health problems† (McDonald 31). The complication of these problems is determined by the duratio n during which a person has had an eating disorder and how severe the disorder has been. Compulsive overeaters are at high risks of suffering from heart problems, kidney failure, high blood pressure and even stroke. The stomach may rupture and bones weaken in extreme cases of compulsive overeating. Compulsive overeating treatment should aim at psychological and emotional therapy since this disorder is a result of mental problems and depression. Counseling programs are also important to help compulsive eaters learn better and healthy ways of dealing with stress and other problems in life. Dealing with depression alone cannot completely end this disorder; clinical signs of depression should be treated medically as well. An effective program on weight loss, therefore, should consist of a good diet, change in lifestyle, nutritional advice, medication if necessary and support. Primarily, compulsive overeaters are treated with antidepressants which are as effective as psychological treatm ent in behavioral therapy.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Eating disorders are very serious mental situations. The affected individuals are obsessed with eating and are more concerned about their physical appearance to the extent of allowing themselves to suffer and risk their health in the long run due to poor diet. Eating disorders take decades to treat; treatment should therefore start as early as the disorder is diagnosed. Recovering from eating disorders involves long-term changes and professional assistance as well as support from family and friends is necessary. Derenne, Lillian. Body image, the media and eating disorders. California. Barnes Noble, 2001. Print. Dryden, Roxanne. â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa.† 2010. Web. Jennifer, Stevens. A Note to Self. New York Times, 17th November, 2006. Poppink, Joanna. â€Å"What happens to Anorexic girls when they become anorexic young women?† 2008. Web. McDonald, Jerry. Reducing the number of deaths with Anorexia Nervosa. New York Times. 3rd March, 2005. Nagle, Marianne. Eating disorders. New York. Wordsworth Publishers, 2004. Print.

Advanced Managerial Accounting Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Advanced Managerial Accounting Report - Essay Example On the other hand, Merchant uses a more optimistic approach in discussing the strategies that management could employ to encourage staffs. Merchant’s work is based on how management can effectively control employees’ actions for greater predictability of results, while Kohn’s article is focused on the incentive scheme as a way of improving employees’ output. The article by Kohn presents various weaknesses with the incentive plans adopted by many managers to motivate staff members. The author highlights some of the weaknesses of the incentive plans as temporary compliance by staffs, stretching relationships between employees, and discouragement of risk taking. According to the author, rewards are known to undermine interest and ignore the core reasons why good performance was achieved. Merchant shows that attempting to assert too much control over staff members can be counter-productive. The author suggests that adopting more interacting approaches rather than centralizing power and functions is key to motivating staffs to better

Healthy People 2020 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthy People 2020 - Essay Example It is noted that prejudice against LGBT individuals is connected to increased rates of suicide, psychiatric illnesses, and substance abuse. This group is also a target for victimization and violence that has a long lasting impact on them and the community. The personal safety and mental health of LGBT people is influenced by gender recognition, social acceptance of sexual alignment, personal and family aspects. From the perspective of policy development, the LGBT group needs to be given special attention to enable these people to have a healthy life and live long. The role of an advanced nurse practitioner in taking care of LGBT people is that of leadership and advocacy. The advanced nurse practitioner should be on the front line to fight for the right of LGBT individuals and their families. The roles include promoting health policy reforms, leading personal patient rights and encouraging transformation in agency regulations and rules. Through this, the LGBT patients and their families are empowered and acquire independence (Hickey & Brosnan,